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Dieta equilibrata e assenza di stress emotivo sono le indicazioni da tenere a mente se si vogliono allontanare i capelli bianchi, che iniziano a manifestarsi quando i melanociti perdono la capacità di produrre melanina. Se la canizie, cioè l’arrivo dei capelli bianchi, inizia prima dei 30 anni la causa è quasi sempre genetica e c’è poco da fare, in caso contrario i rimedi esistono e sono praticabili.
Cause
Al di là della genetica, a influire negativamente sulla comparsa dei capelli bianchi spiccano i radicali liberi, delle molecole che tendono ad aggredire le catene molecolari di cui sono composte le cellule, ossidandole. I bulbi piliferi ne pagano le conseguenze: il perossido di idrogeno è un radicale libero che si accumula alla base del capello e ne determina l’imbiancamento.
Cattiva alimentazione, stress, sedentarietà e pigrizia, ma anche eccesso di attività sportiva, fumo e inquinamento sono gli altri fattori che fanno avere la meglio alla canizie.
Cosa mangiare
La prima regola è una dieta equilibrata. Un’alimentazione ricca di proteine e vitamine, con una giusta varietà di minerali (oligoelementi), è fondamentale per rinforzare i capelli favorendone la ricrescita e per sostenere l’attività dei melanociti che producono i pigmenti colorati.
Non deve mancare il rame, importante per la produzione della melanina, pigmento che dà il colore ai capelli, oltre che alla pelle e ad alcune parti dell’occhio. È contenuto in quantità significative nel cioccolato fondente, nel fegato di manzo, nei semi di girasole, negli anacardi, nelle lenticchie, nelle ostriche, nei molluschi, nei funghi, nel burro di arachidi e nelle mandorle, così come nelle cime di rapa, nelle patate dolci e negli spinaci.
Altro amico dei capelli è il selenio, per il suo ruolo nella produzione di alcuni ormoni, inclusi quelli legati alla salute della capigliatura e al processo d’invecchiamento. Per portare in tavola buoni quantitativi di selenio, bisogna puntare su molluschi, tonno, salmone, germe di grano, uva passa, noci, sgombro, noci brasiliane e semi di girasole.
Anche gli acidi grassi Omega 3, contenuti soprattutto nel pesce, non possono mancare se si vogliono aiutare i capelli, considerando che li idratano e irrobustiscono, prevenendone la caduta.
Ma non è tutto. La struttura dei capelli è costituita al 90% da proteine, quindi quest’ultime, sia di provenienza animale sia vegetale, ne migliorano la salute e ritardano la comparsa del colore bianco.
Vitamine
Vitamine a gogo. Vitamine A, B3, B12, C ed E, ma soprattutto vitamine B5 e B6.
La B5 impedisce la formazione dei capelli bianchi e contrasta la caduta; ne sono ricchi i cereali integrali, il lievito di birra, le frattaglie e i tuorli d’uovo. La vitamina B6 previene la perdita dei capelli e aiuta a creare melanina. Negli alimenti abbonda nel lievito di birra, nei cereali integrali, nelle verdure, nelle frattaglie e nel tuorlo d’uovo.
A bloccare l’avanzata dei capelli bianchi concorrono anche la biotina, vitamina che produce cheratina, la sostanza che previene la perdita dei capelli e la comparsa dei capelli grigi. Fonti di biotina sono: il lievito di birra, i cereali integrali, i tuorli d’uovo,il fegato, il riso e il latte.
Ulteriore vitamina “utile alla causa dei capelli” è l’inositolo, che ha il compito di mantenere i follicoli sani a livello cellulare e si trova soprattutto nei cereali integrali, nel lievito di birra, nel fegato e negli agrumi.
Come coprire naturalmente i capelli bianchi
Tra i rimedi per coprire i capelli bianchi c’è l’hennè, alternativa naturale alle tinte. Si tratta di una polvere verde dall’effetto tintorio che deriva dalla foglie e dai rami essiccati della Lawsonia inermis un arbusto spinoso della famiglia delle Lythraceae.
Puro dà un colore rosso chiaro, che sui capelli biondi o bianchi può tendere verso l'arancione, mentre sui capelli castani donerà riflessi caldi dalla tonalità accesa.
La Lawsonia mescolata ad altre piante produce tonalità cromatiche differenti: unita all’indigo si ottiene il rosso mogano, indicato per chi ha i capelli neri o scuri, unita al katam e al buxus dioica si ottiene il biondo, unita al mallo di noce, al katam, all’indigo si ottiene il castano.